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Oxford University Press, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 2(378), p. 493-506, 2007

DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2007.11617.x

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Dispersion Measure Variations and their Effect on Precision Pulsar Timing

Journal article published in 2007 by Xp P. You, G. B. Hobbs, Wa A. Coles, Richard N. Manchester, Russell T. Edwards, Willem van Straten, Matthew Bailes ORCID, John M. Sarkissian, Jpw P. W. Verbiest, Aw Hotan ORCID, Sm M. Ord, F. Jenet, Ndr D. R. Bhat, A. Teoh
This paper is available in a repository.
This paper is available in a repository.

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Abstract

We present an analysis of the variations seen in the dispersion measures (DMs) of 20 millisecond pulsars observed as part of the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array project. We carry out a statistically rigorous structure function analysis for each pulsar and show that the variations seen for most pulsars are consistent with those expected for an interstellar medium characterised by a Kolmogorov turbulence spectrum. The structure functions for PSRs J1045-4509 and J1909-3744 provide the first clear evidence for a large inner scale, possibly due to ion-neutral damping. We also show the effect of the solar wind on the DMs and show that the simple models presently implemented into pulsar timing packages cannot reliably correct for this effect. For the first time we clearly show how DM variations affect pulsar timing residuals and how they can be corrected in order to obtain the highest possible timing precision. Even with our presently limited data span, the residuals (and all parameters derived from the timing) for six of our pulsars have been significantly improved by correcting for the DM variations.