Oxford University Press, The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2(94), p. 518-522, 2009
DOI: 10.1210/jc.2008-0940
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Background: Aging is characterized by a mild proinflammatory state. In older men, low testosterone levels have been associated with increasing levels of proinflammatory cytokines. It is still unclear whether estradiol (E2), which generally has biological activities complementary to testosterone, affects inflammation.