<b><i>Background/Aims:</i></b> The vast majority of serous cystic neoplasms of the pancreas are benign, and small, asymptomatic lesions, which are generally managed with observation. However, some of these tumors may attain a large size and occasionally metastasize. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In this study, we present a 78-year-old man with serous cystadenocarcinoma of the pancreas with liver metastases treated by distal pancreatectomy and liver ablation, who went on to develop new liver metastases 5 years after the initial operation. We perform a literature review to determine the number of these malignant neoplasms previously reported and to identify features associated with malignant lesions. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Literature reveals that metastatic serous cystadenocarcinomas of the pancreas are rare tumors, occurring in less than 3% of cases of serous cystic neoplasms. All malignant cases reported have been in tumors >4 cm in size. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Serous cystic neoplasms of the pancreas >4 cm have malignant potential and therefore should be considered for surgical management.