American Physical Society, Physical Review A, 3(76)
DOI: 10.1103/physreva.76.033418
Full text: Unavailable
We demonstrate an efficient scheme for continuous trap loading based upon spatially selective optical pumping. We discuss the case of S01 calcium atoms in an optical dipole trap (ODT), however, similar strategies should be applicable to a wide range of atomic species, which do not permit efficient conventional trap loading. Our starting point is a moderately cold (≈300muK) and dense (≈9×109cm-3) reservoir of metastable P23 atoms in a magneto-optic trap (triplet MOT). A focused 532nm laser beam produces a strongly elongated optical potential for S01 atoms with up to 350muK well depth. A weak focused laser beam at 430nm , carefully superimposed upon the ODT beam, selectively pumps the P23 atoms inside the capture volume to the singlet state, where they are confined by the ODT. The triplet MOT perpetually refills the capture volume with P23 atoms, thus providing a continuous stream of cold atoms into the ODT at a rate of 107s-1 . Limited by evaporation loss, in 200ms we typically load 5×105 atoms with 3.5×1010cm-3 peak density and axial and radial temperatures of 300 and 85muK , respectively. After terminating the loading we observe evaporation during 50ms , typically leaving us with 105 atoms with nearly equal radial and axial temperatures close to 40muK and a peak density of 5×1011cm-3 . A simple model is presented, which identifies the relevant physical mechanisms of the loading and decay dynamics. We point out that a comparable scheme could be employed to load a dipole trap with P03 atoms.