Published in

American Chemical Society, Journal of the American Chemical Society, 29(135), p. 10755-10762, 2013

DOI: 10.1021/ja403915m

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Hexagonal Graphene Onion Rings

This paper is available in a repository.
This paper is available in a repository.

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Abstract

Precise spatial control of materials is the key capability of engineering their optical, electronic and mechanical properties. However, growth of graphene on Cu was revealed to be seed-induced 2D growth, limiting the synthesis of complex graphene spatial structures. In this research, we report the growth of onion ring-like 3D graphene structures, which are comprised of concentric 1D hexagonal graphene ribbon rings grown under 2D single-crystal monolayer graphene domains. The ring formation arises from the hydrogenation-induced edge nucleation and 3D growth of a new graphene layer on the edge and under the previous one, as supported by first-principles calculations. This work reveals a new graphene nucleation mechanism and could also offer impetus for the design of new 3D spatial structures of graphene or other 2D layered materials. Meanwhile, two special features of this new 3D graphene structure were demonstrated in this research, including nanoribbon fabrication and potential use in lithium storage upon scaling.