Year Articles No of articles First 5 universities First 10 universities International collaboration Figure 1. (a) shows increase in the number of NST articles, shares of the most productive universities in the total literature and the trend in the international collaboration. Abstract-This study provides a detailed analysis of nanoscience and nanotechnology research literature generated in Turkish universities through articles published in SCI (Science Citation Index) journals. For this study, bibliometric data related to 4408 articles (published between the years 2000-2009) written at least one author affiliated to Turkish institutes are investigated. It is found that the number of articles produced by the contribution of Turkish universities increased from 115 in the year 2000 to 928 in 2009 with an almost 8 fold increase. The number of local institutes or organizations contributing to the literature has increased from 29 to 105 in this ten year period. Global nanoscience and nanotechnology (NST) literature has grown exponentially for the last two decades. The number of records regarding to NST publicat ions in the SCI / SSCI was 11265 in 1991 however it reached to 64737 records in 2005 [1]. Again in this period, nanotechnology-related patenting activity has dramatically grown. In the 1980s, an average of 1213 nanotechnology-related patents per year was issued; however this number increased to 3209 per year in the 1990s and to 7536 per year in the first half of the new millenniu m [2]. Biblio metric methods are widely used in the identification of global and national knowledge structures in this novel technology field; and academic literature is identified as a powerful indicator of the potentials of indiv idual countries. With the accumulation of NST research literature and patents the number of scientometric / bib lio metric / text min ing studies aiming to investigate the emergence and development of this new technology has been dramatically increased. In this study, more than 300 keywo rds provided by Kostoff et al [3] were used for the determination of articles produced by the scholars affiliated to Turkish institutes. The query for the detection of articles was entered into "ISI Web of Knowledge" database; and articles including any of these words either in their titles or abstracts, and having at least one author affiliated to Turkish institutions were selected. As indicated by Figure 1 (a) the nu mber of NST related research articles generated by Turkish institutes has increased fro m 115 in the year 2000 to 928 in 2009. While the number of local institutes and organizations contributing to NST literature was only 29 in 2000, it increased to 105 in 2009. On the other hand, with the increase in the number of Turkish institutes contributing to the literature the share of international collaboration has decreased; in 2000 44% of articles were generated in collaboration with a foreign research partner however this ratio decreased to 28% in 2009.