The relationship between Lindtneria trachyspora, with resupinoid basidiomes, and Stephanospora caroticolor, with sequestrate basidiomes, is discussed. Analyses of the ITS1, ITS2 and 5.8 S ribosomal DNA sequences confirm the morphological and chemical affinities established by early authors. Key words—Stereales, Russulales, Stephanosporaceae, Lindtneriaceae, rDNA