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Published in

SAGE Publications, Laboratory Animals, 2024

DOI: 10.1177/00236772231169344

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Urinary bladder catheterisation of female pigs: Influence of bladder content and Escherichia coli urinary tract infection on procedural outcome

Journal article published in 2024 by Kristian Stærk ORCID, Louise Langhorn, Bo Halle, Thomas Emil Andersen ORCID
This paper was not found in any repository, but could be made available legally by the author.
This paper was not found in any repository, but could be made available legally by the author.

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Abstract

Catheterisation of the urinary bladder is needed in many types of human disease models in pigs. Based on our extensive experience with the pig as an infection model, we here demonstrate an approach of catheterising domestic pigs (40 attempts) and Göttingen minipigs (10 attempts) using a blinded method, that is, without speculums or videoscopes to visualise the urethral opening. The procedure was tested on control animals and pigs with experimental Escherichia coli urinary tract infection (UTI) to assess the potential influence of this condition on procedural outcome. Lastly, we performed cystoscopy in three animals to visualise the route to the urethra and to localise potential anatomical obstacles. All domestic pigs were catheterised successfully in an average of 2 minutes and 23 seconds, and this was not influenced by UTI ( p = 0.06) or bladder urine content at the time of catheterisation ( p = 0.32). All Göttingen minipigs were successfully catheterised in an average of 4 minutes and 27 seconds. We conclude that blinded catheterisation is a fast and reliable approach that can be performed in pigs with or without UTI with minimal risk of trauma or contamination.