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American Diabetes Association, Diabetes, 5(61), p. 1291-1296, 2012

DOI: 10.2337/db11-0973

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No Interactions Between Previously Associated 2-Hour Glucose Gene Variants and Physical Activity or BMI on 2-Hour Glucose Levels

Journal article published in 2012 by Robert A. Scott, Audrey Y. Chu, Niels Grarup ORCID, Alisa K. Manning, Marie-France Hivert, Dmitry Shungin, Anke Tönjes, Ajay Yesupriya, Daniel Barnes, Nabila Bouatia-Naji, Nicole L. Glazer, Anne U. Jackson, Zoltán Kutalik, Vasiliki Lagou, Diana Marek and other authors.
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.

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Abstract

Gene–lifestyle interactions have been suggested to contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes. Glucose levels 2 h after a standard 75-g glucose challenge are used to diagnose diabetes and are associated with both genetic and lifestyle factors. However, whether these factors interact to determine 2-h glucose levels is unknown. We meta-analyzed single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) × BMI and SNP × physical activity (PA) interaction regression models for five SNPs previously associated with 2-h glucose levels from up to 22 studies comprising 54,884 individuals without diabetes. PA levels were dichotomized, with individuals below the first quintile classified as inactive (20%) and the remainder as active (80%). BMI was considered a continuous trait. Inactive individuals had higher 2-h glucose levels than active individuals (β = 0.22 mmol/L [95% CI 0.13–0.31], P = 1.63 × 10−6). All SNPs were associated with 2-h glucose (β = 0.06–0.12 mmol/allele, P ≤ 1.53 × 10−7), but no significant interactions were found with PA (P > 0.18) or BMI (P ≥ 0.04). In this large study of gene–lifestyle interaction, we observed no interactions between genetic and lifestyle factors, both of which were associated with 2-h glucose. It is perhaps unlikely that top loci from genome-wide association studies will exhibit strong subgroup-specific effects, and may not, therefore, make the best candidates for the study of interactions.