Mit dem Volksbegehren Artenvielfalt wurden Änderungen im Bayerischen Naturschutzgesetz für besseren Arten- und Biotopschutz angestoßen. Auf Basis einer Literaturstudie betrachten wir, welches Potenzial diese Änderungen auch für Ökosystemdienstleistungen in der Agrarlandschaft haben können.The Bavarian referendum Biodiversity and Natural Beauty (Volksbegehren Artenvielfalt) has led to significant changes in Bavarian environmental legislation. This article investigates and assesses the potential impact of the referendum on ecosystem services (ES) based on existing literature. For this purpose, we selected all the legislative changes that are assumed to directly impact ES in agricultural landscapes. Little research exists on many of the specific relationships for the legislative changes discussed, particularly concerning cultural ES. Nonetheless, for the majority of the legislative changes, the reviewed studies suggest a positive impact on ES. Although we did not find any neutral or negative effects on ES, they are possible in individual cases based on local site conditions and the specific design of the measures. Habitat function and genetic resource maintenance are likely to benefit the most from the legislative changes. Yet, many other ES may be positively influenced, especially in combination with funding law measures and the planned positions for wildlife habitat and biodiversity advisors. The actual effects in Bavarian landscapes should be scientifically investigated.