Published in

Oxford University Press, Brain, 2(146), p. 534-548, 2022

DOI: 10.1093/brain/awac278

Links

Tools

Export citation

Search in Google Scholar

CAPRIN1 haploinsufficiency causes a neurodevelopmental disorder with language impairment, ADHD and ASD

This paper was not found in any repository, but could be made available legally by the author.
This paper was not found in any repository, but could be made available legally by the author.

Full text: Unavailable

Green circle
Preprint: archiving allowed
Orange circle
Postprint: archiving restricted
Red circle
Published version: archiving forbidden
Data provided by SHERPA/RoMEO

Abstract

Abstract We describe an autosomal dominant disorder associated with loss-of-function variants in the Cell cycle associated protein 1 (CAPRIN1; MIM*601178). CAPRIN1 encodes a ubiquitous protein that regulates the transport and translation of neuronal mRNAs critical for synaptic plasticity, as well as mRNAs encoding proteins important for cell proliferation and migration in multiple cell types. We identified 12 cases with loss-of-function CAPRIN1 variants, and a neurodevelopmental phenotype characterized by language impairment/speech delay (100%), intellectual disability (83%), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (82%) and autism spectrum disorder (67%). Affected individuals also had respiratory problems (50%), limb/skeletal anomalies (50%), developmental delay (42%) feeding difficulties (33%), seizures (33%) and ophthalmologic problems (33%). In patient-derived lymphoblasts and fibroblasts, we showed a monoallelic expression of the wild-type allele, and a reduction of the transcript and protein compatible with a half dose. To further study pathogenic mechanisms, we generated sCAPRIN1+/− human induced pluripotent stem cells via CRISPR–Cas9 mutagenesis and differentiated them into neuronal progenitor cells and cortical neurons. CAPRIN1 loss caused reduced neuronal processes, overall disruption of the neuronal organization and an increased neuronal degeneration. We also observed an alteration of mRNA translation in CAPRIN1+/− neurons, compatible with its suggested function as translational inhibitor. CAPRIN1+/− neurons also showed an impaired calcium signalling and increased oxidative stress, two mechanisms that may directly affect neuronal networks development, maintenance and function. According to what was previously observed in the mouse model, measurements of activity in CAPRIN1+/− neurons via micro-electrode arrays indicated lower spike rates and bursts, with an overall reduced activity. In conclusion, we demonstrate that CAPRIN1 haploinsufficiency causes a novel autosomal dominant neurodevelopmental disorder and identify morphological and functional alterations associated with this disorder in human neuronal models.