This academic work presents as a central theme the importance that the protection equipment against atmospheric discharges has for telecommunication stations, it is a bibliographical research revision and the methodology is a qualitative research. The data was collected in scientific articles, books, dissertations, that deal with subjects related to the subject of this work. In addition, data collect, technical visits were made to telecommunication stations with the purpose of absorbing and inserting practical knowledge in this work. In the theoretical reference were addressed the subject, such as, atmospheric discharges, telecommunication stations and lightning protection systems. The research of this work deals in part with the phenomenon of atmospheric discharges, more specifically atmospheric discharges that may reach telecommunication stations, where equipment of significant values is installed. This work also concerns about how the protective equipment works. The data indicates that the telecommunication stations are the type of building most susceptible to be reached by an atmospheric discharge and it shows the importance that the systems of protection has for them. The data also indicates that these discharges are a phenomenon of nature still uncontrollable and unpredictable and that the protection systems only act by diverting the discharges from other equipment.