IOP Publishing, Reports on Progress in Physics, 11(73), p. 112401, 2010
DOI: 10.1088/0034-4885/73/11/112401
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27 pages; 8 figures; Published in Report in Rep. Prog. Phys. 73 112401 (2010) ; International audience ; Recent experiments with ultra-cold atoms have demonstrated the possibility of realizing experimentally fermionic superfluids with imbalanced spin populations. We discuss how these developments have shed a new light on a half- century old open problem in condensed matter physics, and raised new interrogations of their own.