This paper presents the first scanning electron microscope documentation and valve ultrastructure description of the rare species Craticula vixvisibilis var. distinctior Lange-Bertalot, and a description of the new species Craticula anatoliana sp. nov. Both species occurred in high electrolyte content, brackish maar-type lakes in the Inner Anatolia region of Turkey. The most similar species to this newly described species is Craticula buderi (Hustedt) Lange-Bertalot, from which it can be easily distinguished based on valve outline and striae density. Additionally, comparisons of C. vixvisiblis var. distinctior to most morphologically similar species were given based on literature data.