@article{Alves2016, author = {Alves, C. A. and Vicente, A. M. P. and Gomes, J. and Nunes, T. and Duarte, M. and Bandowe, B. A. M.}, doi = {10.1016/j.atmosres.2016.05.013}, journal = {Atmospheric Research}, month = {nov}, pages = {128-137}, title = {Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their derivatives (oxygenated-PAHs, nitrated-PAHs and azaarenes) in size-fractionated particles emitted in an urban road tunnel}, url = {https://oadoi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2016.05.013}, volume = {180}, year = {2016} } @article{Barros2014, abstract = {The schist used in traditional masonry constructions, extracted from the construction site, provides them traits that distinguish and characterize the local architecture. The understanding of the mechanical behaviour of schist constructions requires a detailed knowledge of the schist as a material. This study aims at filling the gap in scientific knowledge by characterizing the schist as a construction material. This paper provides a characterization of schist's from five distinct areas of Portugal. Tests have been carried out to characterize schist's regarding porosity, density and mechanical strength. Results indicate that it is possible to apply schist as a construction material with a higher degree of confidence, by suiting the schist type to the physicochemical and mechanical needs of the construction; furthermore, it is possible to evaluate the existing schist constructions according to the schist type used, allowing less intrusive and more appropriate forms of intervention.}, author = {Barros, Ricardo S. and Oliveira, Daniel V. and Varum, Humberto and Alves, Carlos A. S. and Camões, Aires}, doi = {10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.10.008}, journal = {Construction and Building Materials}, month = {jan}, pages = {617-630}, title = {Experimental characterization of physical and mechanical properties of schist from Portugal}, url = {https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Daniel_Oliveira9/publication/260896201_Experimental_characterization_of_physical_and_mechanical_properties_of_schist_from_Portugal/links/0f3175329c6aabacab000000.pdf}, volume = {50}, year = {2014} } @article{Calvo2013, author = {Calvo, Ana I. and Alves, Célia A. and Castro, Amaya and Fraile, Roberto and Evtyugina, Margarita and Bate-Epey, Enow F.}, doi = {10.4209/aaqr.2013.02.0045}, journal = {Aerosol and Air Quality Research}, month = {jan}, pages = {1723-1730}, title = {Indoor Air Quality in Two University Sports Facilities}, url = {https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2013.02.0045}, volume = {13}, year = {2013} } @article{Calvo2013_2, abstract = {In spite of considerable progresses in recent years, a quantitative and predictive understanding of atmospheric aerosol sources, chemical composition, transformation processes and environmental effects is still rather limited, and therefore represents a major research challenge in atmospheric science. This review begins with a historical perspective on the scientific questions regarding atmospheric aerosols over the past centuries, followed by a description of the distribution, sources, transformation processes, and chemical and physical properties as they are currently understood. The major open questions and suggestions for future research priorities are outlined to narrow the gap between the present understanding of the contribution of both anthropogenic and biogenic aerosols to radiative forcing resulting from the spatial non-uniformity, intermittency of sources, unresolved composition and reactivity.}, author = {Calvo, A. I. and Alves, C. and Castro, A. and Pont, V. and Vicente, A. M. and Fraile, R.}, doi = {10.1016/j.atmosres.2012.09.021}, journal = {Atmospheric Research}, month = {feb}, pages = {1-28}, title = {Research on aerosol sources and chemical composition: Past, current and emerging issues}, url = {https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Amaya_Castro2/publication/236886392_Research_on_aerosol_sources_and_chemical_composition_Past_current_and_emerging_issues_Atmos_Res_120-1211-28/links/55ed6dee08aeb6516268dc81.pdf}, volume = {120-121}, year = {2013} } @article{Calvo2013_3, abstract = {In the present study, particulate emissions from the co-combustion of forest biomass residues with sewage sludge in a pilot-scale bubbling fluidised bed combustor were characterised. The combustion flue gas was exhausted to the atmosphere after passing through a cyclone separator. Physical–chemical characteristics of the particles were studied: i) morphology and aerosol size, surface and volume distributions before the cy- clone and ii) chemical composition (carbonates, water soluble-inorganic ions, organic and elemental carbon) before and after the cyclone. Chemical composition data were used to calculate aerosol density and refractive index. Aerosols showed a unimodal size distribution with a geometric mean diameter of 2.25 ± 0.02 μm and a geometric standard deviation of 1.27 ± 0.01. The surface and volume mean diameters were 2.64 ± 0.02 μm and 2.91 ± 0.05 μm, respectively. Water-soluble inorganic ions were predominant in the fine particle fraction (PM2.5). The filters were loaded of crystallised mineral particles. The analysis revealed a dominance of calcium carbonate/oxide and halide (NaCl or KCl), sulphate and aluminosilicate nanocrystals forming larger mixed aggregates.}, author = {Calvo, A. I. and Tarelho, L. A. C. and Teixeira, E. R. and Alves, C. and Nunes, T. and Duarte, M. and Coz, E. and Custodio, D. and Castro, A. and Artiñano, B. and Fraile, R.}, doi = {10.1016/j.fuproc.2013.03.021}, journal = {Fuel Processing Technology}, month = {oct}, pages = {58-68}, title = {Particulate emissions from the co-combustion of forest biomass and sewage sludge in a bubbling fluidised bed reactor}, url = {https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Esther_Coz/publication/236256712_Particulate_emissions_from_the_co-combustion_of_forest_biomass_and_sewage_sludge_in_a_bubbling_fluidised_bed_reactor/links/0c9605178d27ddbc62000000.pdf}, volume = {114}, year = {2013} } @article{Calvo2014, abstract = {This work presents the main physical characteristics and operating conditions of a fireplace and a stove commonly used in Portugal for domestic heating based on biomass combustion. The fuel used was wood from pine (softwood) and eucalyptus (hardwood). The general trend during the batch combustion of wood logs was characterized by three main periods: i) a first period of fuel heating followed by fuel drying and initial steps of devolatilization without the existence of a visible flame, ii) a second period characterized by devolatilization, ignition, combustion of volatiles and char, during which a vigorous flame is observed, and iii) a third period, mainly identified by the combustion of the char, during which there are only localized small visible flames over the char particles. Each of these periods is characterized by specific fuel consumption rate, flue gas temperature and flue gas composition. The main differences between the wood combustion conditions in the fireplace and in the stove include: i) a lower flue gas temperature in the fireplace, ii) a higher combustion flue gas flow rate in the fireplace, iii) a higher rate of fuel consumption in the stove, and iv) higher CO, total hydrocarbon and particle emission factors during the combustion of wood in the fireplace. Differences between hardwood and softwood combustion were also pointed out.}, author = {Calvo, A. I. and Tarelho, L. A. C. and Alves, C. A. and Duarte, M. and Nunes, T.}, doi = {10.1016/j.fuproc.2014.05.001}, journal = {Fuel Processing Technology}, month = {oct}, pages = {222-232}, title = {Characterization of operating conditions of two residential wood combustion appliances}, url = {https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Marcio_Duarte3/publication/262569690_Characterization_of_operating_conditions_of_two_residential_wood_combustion_appliances/links/0c9605391f81b7974d000000.pdf}, volume = {126}, year = {2014} } @article{Diapouli2016, author = {Diapouli, Evangelia and Manousakas, Manousos I. and Vratolis, Stergios and Vasilatou, Vasiliki and Pateraki, Stella and Bairachtari, Kyriaki A. and Querol, Xavier and Amato, Fulvio and Alastuey, Andrés and Karanasiou, Angeliki A. and Lucarelli, Franco and Nava, Silvia and Calzolai, Giulia and Gianelle, Vorne L. and Colombi, Cristina and Alves, Célia and Custódio, Danilo and Pio, Casimiro and Spyrou, Chris and Kallos, George B. and Eleftheriadis, Konstantinos}, doi = {10.5194/acp-2016-781}, journal = {Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions}, month = {sep}, pages = {1-25}, title = {AIRUSE-LIFE&thinsp;+: Estimation of natural source contributions to urban ambient air PM<sub>10</sub> and PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentrations in Southern Europe. Implications to compliance with limit values}, url = {https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2016-781}, year = {2016} } @article{Evtyugina2013, author = {Evtyugina, Margarita and Calvo, Ana Isabel and Nunes, Teresa and Alves, Célia and Fernandes, Ana Patrícia and Tarelho, Luís and Vicente, Ana and Pio, Casimiro}, doi = {10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.10.001}, journal = {Atmospheric Environment}, month = {jan}, pages = {339-348}, title = {VOC emissions of smouldering combustion from Mediterranean wildfires in central Portugal}, url = {https://oadoi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.10.001}, volume = {64}, year = {2013} } @article{Evtyugina2013_2, abstract = {Emissions of trace gases (carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO), total hydrocarbons (THC)), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from combustion of European beech, Pyrenean oak and black poplar in a domestic woodstove and fireplace were studied. These woods are widely used as biofuel in residential combustion in Southern and mid-European countries. VOCs in the flue gases were collected in Tedlar bags, concentrated in sorbent tubes and analysed by thermal desorption-gas chromatography–flame ionisation detection (GC–FID). CO2 emissions ranged from 1415 ± 136 to 1879 ± 29 g kg−1 (dry basis). The highest emission factors for CO and THC, 115.8 ± 11.7 and 95.6 24.7 ± 6.3 g kg−1 (dry basis), respectively, were obtained during the combustion of black poplar in the fireplace. European beech presented the lowest CO and THC emission factors for both burning appliances. Significant differences in emissions of VOCs were observed among wood species burnt and combustion devices. In general the highest emission factors were obtained from the combustion of Pyrenean oak in the woodstove. Among the VOCs identified, benzene and related compounds were always the most abundant group, followed by oxygenated compounds and aliphatic hydrocarbons. The amount and the composition of emitted VOCs were strongly affected by the wood composition, the type of burning device and operating conditions. Emission data obtained in this work are useful for modelling the impact of residential wood combustion on air quality and tropospheric ozone formation.}, author = {Evtyugina, Margarita and Alves, Célia and Calvo, Ana and Nunes, Teresa and Tarelho, Luís and Duarte, Márcio and Prozil, Sónia O. and Evtugin, D. and Evtuguin, Dmitry V. and Pio, Casimiro}, doi = {10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.10.050}, journal = {Atmospheric Environment}, month = {nov}, pages = {90-98}, title = {VOC emissions from residential combustion of Southern and mid-European woods}, url = {https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Marcio_Duarte3/publication/258219695_VOC_emissions_from_residential_combustion_of_Southern_and_mid-European_woods/links/0deec530b52bb6a3b1000000.pdf}, volume = {83}, year = {2013} } @article{Gonçalves2014, abstract = {The current study presents, for the first time, a long-term organic speciation of aerosol at the Cape Verde archipelago. The Cape Verde location, in the Atlantic Ocean, provides a unique laboratory to study background aerosol, long-range transport, aerosol mixing with mineral dust, biomass burning and sea surface components. In order to contribute to a better understanding of this environment, a one-year long measurement campaign was performed in Praia City, Santiago Island. PM10 concentrations (20.5–370 μg/m3) and the organic composition of PM10 were influenced by the African dust influxes. The carbonaceous content of PM10 was very low, suggesting that most of the mass has mineral origin. The PM10 composition was essentially characterised by a large variety of organic compounds, which can be grouped into general compound classes, such as n-alkanes, n-alkanols, n-acids and sugars. The n-alkane total concentrations varied from 3.77 to 53.2 ng/m3. The n-alkanols distribution showed a significant biogenic contribution whether from microbial origin or from epicuticular plants during African dust outbreaks. The total concentrations of n-alkanoic acids varied from 0.011 to 4.51 ng/m3. The lower n-alkenoic acids content, obtained during the periods of long-range transport from Africa, indicated a more aged aerosol. The monosaccharide anhydrides were detected in all samples with a range of concentrations from 2.06 to 12.7 ng/m3.}, author = {Gonçalves, C. and Alves, C. and Nunes, T. and Rocha, S. and Cardoso, J. and Cerqueira, M. and Pio, C. and Almeida, S. M. and Hillamo, R. and Teinilä, K.}, doi = {10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.02.025}, journal = {Atmospheric Environment}, month = {jun}, pages = {425-432}, title = {Organic characterisation of PM10 in Cape Verde under Saharan dust influxes}, url = {https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Susana_Almeida4/publication/260608945_Organic_characterisation_of_PM10_in_Cape_Verde_under_Saharan_dust_influxes/links/02e7e536ba36056ad5000000.pdf}, volume = {89}, year = {2014} } @article{Harrison2013, author = {Harrison, Roy M. and Beddows, David C. S. and Jones, Alan M. and Calvo, Ana and Alves, Célia and Pio, Casimiro}, doi = {10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.08.026}, journal = {Atmospheric Environment}, month = {dec}, pages = {540-548}, title = {An evaluation of some issues regarding the use of aethalometers to measure woodsmoke concentrations}, url = {https://oadoi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.08.026}, volume = {80}, year = {2013} } @article{Martins Pereira2017, author = {Martins Pereira, Guilherme and Teinilä, Kimmo and Custódio, Danilo and Gomes Santos, Aldenor and Xian, Huang and Hillamo, Risto and Alves, Célia A. and Bittencourt de Andrade, Jailson and Olímpio da Rocha, Gisele and Kumar, Prashant and Balasubramanian, Rajasekhar and de Fátima Andrade, Maria and de Castro Vasconcellos, Pérola}, doi = {10.5194/acp-2017-317}, journal = {Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions}, month = {apr}, pages = {1-36}, title = {Airborne particles in the Brazilian city of São Paulo: One-year investigation for the chemical composition and source apportionment}, url = {https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2017-317}, year = {2017} } @article{Mirante2013, abstract = {Abstract Madrid, the largest city of Spain, has some and unique air pollution problems, such as emissions from residential coal burning, a huge vehicle fleet and frequent African dust outbreaks, along with the lack of industrial emissions. The chemical composition of particulate matter (PM) was studied during summer and winter sampling campaigns, conducted in order to obtain size-segregated information at two different urban sites (roadside and urban background). PM was sampled with high volume cascade impactors, with 4 stages: 10–2.5, 2.5–1, 1–0.5 and < 0.5 μm. Samples were solvent extracted and organic compounds were identified and quantified by GC-MS. Alkanes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), alcohols and fatty acids were chromatographically resolved. The PM1–2.5 was the fraction with the highest mass percentage of organics. Acids were the organic compounds that dominated all particle size fractions. Different organic compounds presented apparently different seasonal characteristics, reflecting distinct emission sources, such as vehicle exhausts and biogenic sources. The benzo[a]pyrene equivalent concentrations were lower than 1 ng m− 3. The estimated carcinogenic risk is low.}, author = {Mirante, Fátima and Revuelta, Ma Aranzazu and Alves, Célia and Pio, Casimiro and Pindado, Oscar and Perez, Rosa and Revuelta, M.-ª. Aranzazu and Artiñano, Begoña}, doi = {10.1016/j.atmosres.2013.07.005}, journal = {Atmospheric Research}, month = {oct}, pages = {204}, title = {Organic composition of size segregated atmospheric particulate matter, during summer and winter sampling campaigns at representative sites in Madrid, Spain}, url = {https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Oscar_Jimenez11/publication/257764039_Corrigendum_to_Organic_composition_of_size_segregated_atmospheric_particulate_matter_during_summer_and_winter_sampling_campaigns_at_representative_sites_in_Madrid_Spain_Journal_of_Atmospheric_Research/links/02e7e525d5e7f38f77000000.pdf}, volume = {135-136}, year = {2013} } @article{Mirante2014, author = {Mirante, Fátima and Salvador, Pedro and Pio, Casimiro and Alves, Célia and Artiñano, Begoña and Caseiro, Alexandre and Revuelta, M.-ª. Aranzazu}, doi = {10.1016/j.atmosres.2013.11.024}, journal = {Atmospheric Research}, month = {mar}, pages = {278-292}, title = {Size fractionated aerosol composition at roadside and background environments in the Madrid urban atmosphere}, url = {https://oadoi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2013.11.024}, volume = {138}, year = {2014} } @article{Nunes2013, abstract = {In January 2012, one kindergarten and eight elementary school classrooms were monitored. The campaign included simultaneous measurements, indoors and outdoors, of comfort parameters, CO, CO 2 and particles. Automatic monitors using a light scattering technique were employed to measure PM 10 continuously. During occupied periods, low volume samplers were used to daily collect PM 2.5 samples, which were subsequently analysed for carbonates, organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC) and water soluble inorganic ions. With regards to comfort, for many rooms, the schools did not meet the recommended levels. Indoor-outdoor CO 2 ratios between 3 and 12 and indoor levels much higher than 1000 ppm during the occupancy periods denote the highly inadequate ventilations. The results clearly demonstrate that exposure to particulate matter in schools is high. The continuous measurements of PM 10 suggest that the physical activity of pupils, which is assumed to be more marked in younger children, contributes to a constant process of resuspension of sedimented particles. In addition, peak PM 10 concentrations coincident with cleaning activities suggest the necessary of changing practices to improve cleanliness. Around 40% of the PM 2.5 mass is composed of carbonaceous matter, with 4–5 times higher OC mass fractions than EC. It was observed that both OC and EC were significantly influenced by indoor sources. Water-soluble inorganic ions represented around 10–20% of the PM 2.5 mass measured in classrooms. Excepting calcium, in general, the ionic species were present at indoor-outdoor ratios lower than 1, suggesting a major origin in outdoor air.}, author = {Nunes, Teresa and Silva, Joana and Duarte, Márcio and Alves, Célia}, doi = {10.4209/aaqr.2012.11.0321}, journal = {Aerosol and Air Quality Research}, month = {jan}, pages = {1521-1535}, title = {Comfort Parameters and Particulate Matter (PM10 and PM2.5) in School Classrooms and Outdoor Air}, url = {http://www.aaqr.org/article/download?articleId=904&path=/files/article/904/12_AAQR-12-11-OA-0321_1521-1535.pdf}, volume = {13}, year = {2013} } @article{Pio2013, abstract = {An atmospheric aerosol study was performed in 2008 inside an urban road tunnel, in Lisbon, Portugal. Using a high volume impactor, the aerosol was collected into four size fractions (PM0.5, PM0.5–1, PM1–2.5 and PM2.5–10) and analysed for particle mass (PM), organic and elemental carbon (OC and EC), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), soluble inorganic ions and elemental composition. Three main groups of compounds were discriminated in the tunnel aerosol: carbonaceous, soil component and vehicle mechanical wear. Measurements indicate that Cu can be a good tracer for wear emissions of road traffic. Cu levels correlate strongly with Fe, Mn, Sn and Cr, showing a highly linear constant ratio in all size ranges, suggesting a unique origin through sizes. Ratios of Cu with other elements can be used to source apportion the trace elements present in urban atmospheres, mainly on what concerns coarse aerosol particles.}, author = {Pio, Casimiro and Mirante, Fátima and Oliveira, César João Santos and Matos, Manuel and Caseiro, Alexandre and Oliveira, Cristina and Querol, Xavier and Alves, Célia and Martins, Natércia and Cerqueira, Mário and Camões, Filomena and Silva, Hugo and Plana, Feliciano}, doi = {10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.01.037}, journal = {Atmospheric Environment}, month = {jun}, pages = {15-25}, title = {Size-segregated chemical composition of aerosol emissions in an urban road tunnel in Portugal}, url = {http://repositorio.ipl.pt/bitstream/10400.21/2854/1/Size-segregated%20chemical%20composition%20of%20aerosol%20emissions%20in%20an%20urban%20road%20tunnel%20in%20Portugal.rep.pdf}, volume = {71}, year = {2013} } @article{Urban2014, author = {Urban, Roberta C. and Pegas, Priscilla N. and Nunes, Teresa and Alves, Célia A.}, doi = {10.4209/aaqr.2013.04.0114}, journal = {Aerosol and Air Quality Research}, month = {jan}, pages = {86-98}, title = {Indoor/Outdoor Relationships between PM10 and Associated Organic Compounds in a Primary School}, url = {http://www.aaqr.org/article/download?articleId=587&path=/files/article/587/8_AAQR-13-04-OA-0114_86-98.pdf}, volume = {14}, year = {2014} } @article{Urban2014_2, abstract = {Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) ; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) ; Processo FAPESP: 08/58073-5 ; Processo FAPESP: 10/50236-2 ; This work aimed to better understand how aerosol particles from sugar cane burning contribute to the chemical composition of the lower troposphere in an agro-industrial region of Sao Paulo State (Brazil) affected by sugar and ethanol fuel production. During a period of 21 months, we collected 105 samples and quantified 20 saccharides by GC-MS. The average concentrations of levoglucosan (L), mannosan (M), and galactosan (G) for 24-h sampling were 116, 16, and 11 ng m(-3) respectively. The three anhydrosugars had higher and more variable concentrations in the nighttime and during the sugar cane harvest period, due to more intense biomass burning practices. The calculated L/M ratio, which may serve as a signature for sugar cane smoke particles, was 9 +/- 5. Although the total concentrations of the anhydrosugars varied greatly among samples, the relative mass size distributions of the saccharides were reasonably constant. Emissions due to biomass burning were estimated to correspond to 69% (mass) of the sugars quantified in the harvest samples, whereas biogenic emissions corresponded to 10%. In the non-harvest period, these values were 44 and 27%, respectively, indicating that biomass burning is an important source of aerosol to the regional atmosphere during the whole year. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.}, author = {Urban, R. C. and Alves, C. A. and Allen, Andrew George and Cardoso, Arnaldo Alves and Queiroz, M. E. C. and Campos, M. L. A. M.}, doi = {10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.03.034}, month = {jun}, title = {Sugar markers in aerosol particles from an agro-industrial region in Brazil}, url = {https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Arnaldo_Cardoso/publication/261293155_Sugar_markers_in_aerosol_particles_from_an_agro-industrial_region_in_Brazil/links/55cb51d808aebc967dfdfead.pdf}, year = {2014} } @article{Vicente2013, abstract = {This paper complements the information previously published (Atmospheric Environment 45, 641–649) on gaseous and particulate emissions from wildfires in Portugal for summer 2009, in an attempt at obtaining more extensive, complete and representative databases on emission factors and detailed chemical characterisation of smoke particles. Here, emission factors for carbon oxides (CO2 and CO), total hydrocarbons (THC), fine (PM2.5) and coarse (PM2.5–10) particles obtained for fires occurring in Portugal in summer 2010 are presented. The carbonaceous content (OC and EC), water-soluble ions, elements and organic composition of smoke particles were, respectively, analysed by a thermal-optical transmission technique, ion chromatography, instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The particle mass concentrations were in the ranges 0.69–25 mg m−3 for PM2.5 and 0.048–3.1 mg m−3 for PM2.5–10. PM2.5 particles represented 91 ± 5.7% of the PM10 mass. The OC/EC ratios in fine and coarse particles ranged from 2.5 to 205 and from 1.7 to 328, respectively. The water-soluble ions represented, on average, 3.9% and 2.8% of PM2.5 and PM2.5–10 mass, respectively. In general, the dominant ions in the water extracts were Na+, NH4+, Cl− and NO3− for the PM2.5 fraction, and K+, Mg2+, Ca2+ and SO42− for the PM2.5–10 fraction. The K+/EC and K+/OC ratios obtained in this study were, on average, 0.22 ± 0.23 and 0.011 ± 0.014 for PM2.5 and 0.83 ± 1.0 and 0.024 ± 0.023 for PM2.5–10 particles, respectively. The K+/levoglucosan ratio was, on average, 2.0 for PM2.5 and 3.1 for PM2.5−10 particles. Levoglucosan was detected at mass fractions of 1.6–8.7 mg g−1 OC in PM2.5 and 2.7–56 mg g−1 OC in PM2.5–10. The dominant elements detected in the smoke samples were Na, Br, Cr, Fe, K, Rb and Zn. The most representative organic constituents in the smoke samples were acids, alcohols, terpenoid-type compounds, sugars and phenols, in both size fractions.}, author = {Vicente, Ana and Alves, Célia and Calvo, Ana I. and Fernandes, Ana P. and Nunes, Teresa and Monteiro, Cristina and Almeida, Susana Marta and Pio, Casimiro}, doi = {10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.01.062}, journal = {Atmospheric Environment}, month = {jun}, pages = {295-303}, title = {Emission factors and detailed chemical composition of smoke particles from the 2010 wildfire season}, url = {https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Susana_Almeida4/publication/236886402_Emission_factors_and_detailed_chemical_composition_of_smoke_particles_from_the_2010_wildfire_season_in_central_Portugal/links/0deec52c67b06acb9a000000.pdf}, volume = {71}, year = {2013} } @article{Vicente2019, abstract = {Residential dust is recognized as a major source of environmental contaminants, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and plasticizers, such as phthalic acid esters (PAEs). A sampling campaign was carried out to characterize the dust fraction of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter smaller than 10 µm (PM10), using an in situ resuspension chamber in three rooms (kitchen, living room, and bedroom) of four Spanish houses. Two samples per room were collected with, at least, a one-week interval. The PM10 samples were analyzed for their carbonaceous content by a thermo-optical technique and, after solvent extraction, for 20 PAHs, 8 PAEs and one non-phthalate plasticizer (DEHA) by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. In general, higher dust loads were observed for parquet flooring as compared with tile. The highest dust loads were obtained for rugs. Total carbon accounted for 9.3 to 51 wt% of the PM10 mass. Plasticizer mass fractions varied from 5 µg g−1 to 17 mg g−1 PM10, whereas lower contributions were registered for PAHs (0.98 to 116 µg g−1). The plasticizer and PAH daily intakes for children and adults via dust ingestion were estimated to be three to four orders of magnitude higher than those via inhalation and dermal contact. The thoracic fraction of household dust was estimated to contribute to an excess of 7.2 to 14 per million people new cancer cases, which exceeds the acceptable risk of one per million.}, author = {Vicente, E. D. and Vicente, A. and Nunes, T. and Calvo, A. and del Blanco-Alegre, C. and Oduber, F. and Castro, A. and Fraile, R. and Amato, F. and Alves, C.}, doi = {10.3390/atmos10120785}, journal = {Atmosphere}, month = {dec}, pages = {785}, title = {Household Dust: Loadings and PM10-Bound Plasticizers and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons}, url = {https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos10120785}, volume = {10}, year = {2019} }