@article{Dashti2015, abstract = { OBJECTIVE Common circadian-related gene variants associate with increased risk for metabolic alterations including type 2 diabetes. However, little is known about whether diet and sleep could modify associations between circadian-related variants (CLOCK-rs1801260, CRY2-rs11605924, MTNR1B-rs1387153, MTNR1B-rs10830963, NR1D1-rs2314339) and cardiometabolic traits (fasting glucose [FG], HOMA-insulin resistance, BMI, waist circumference, and HDL-cholesterol) to facilitate personalized recommendations. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We conducted inverse-variance weighted, fixed-effect meta-analyses of results of adjusted associations and interactions between dietary intake/sleep duration and selected variants on cardiometabolic traits from 15 cohort studies including up to 28,190 participants of European descent from the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) Consortium. RESULTS We observed significant associations between relative macronutrient intakes and glycemic traits and short sleep duration (<7 h) and higher FG and replicated known MTNR1B associations with glycemic traits. No interactions were evident after accounting for multiple comparisons. However, we observed nominally significant interactions (all P < 0.01) between carbohydrate intake and MTNR1B-rs1387153 for FG with a 0.003 mmol/L higher FG with each additional 1% carbohydrate intake in the presence of the T allele, between sleep duration and CRY2-rs11605924 for HDL-cholesterol with a 0.010 mmol/L higher HDL-cholesterol with each additional hour of sleep in the presence of the A allele, and between long sleep duration (≥9 h) and MTNR1B-rs1387153 for BMI with a 0.60 kg/m2 higher BMI with long sleep duration in the presence of the T allele relative to normal sleep duration (≥7 to <9 h). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that lower carbohydrate intake and normal sleep duration may ameliorate cardiometabolic abnormalities conferred by common circadian-related genetic variants. Until further mechanistic examination of the nominally significant interactions is conducted, recommendations applicable to the general population regarding diet—specifically higher carbohydrate and lower fat composition—and normal sleep duration should continue to be emphasized among individuals with the investigated circadian-related gene variants. }, author = {Dashti, Hassan S. and Follis, Jack L. and Smith, Caren E. and Tanaka, Toshiko and Garaulet, Marta and Gottlieb, Daniel J. and Hruby, Adela and Jacques, Paul F. and Kiefte-De Jong, Jessica C. and Lamon-Fava, Stefania and Scheer, Frank A. J. L. and Perälä, Mia-Maria and Bartz, Traci M. and Kovanen, Leena and Lemaitre, Rozenn N. and Wojczynski, Mary K. and Partonen, Timo and Frazier-Wood, Alexis C. and Ebeling, Tapani and Hopkins, Paul N. and Ahluwalia, Tarunveer S. and Paternoster, Lavinia and Lahti, Jari and Hernandez, Dena G. and Jonsson, Anna and Toft, Ulla and Saxena, Richa and Muka, Taulant and Vitezova, Anna and Kalafati, Ioanna P. and Kanoni, Stavroula and Raitakari, Olli T. and Mikkila, Vera and Psaty, Bruce M. and Perola, Markus and Ordovas, Jose M. and Männistö, Satu and Straka, Robert J. and Hansen, Torben and Räikkönen, Katri and Ferrucci, Luigi and Grarup, Niels and Johnson, W. Craig and Rallidis, Loukianos and Kähönen, Mika and Siscovick, David S. and Havulinna, Aki S. and Astrup, Arne and Jørgensen, Torben and Chen, Tzu-An and Hofman, Albert and Deloukas, Panos and Viikari, Jorma S. A. and Mozaffarian, Dariush and Perala, Mia-Maria and Pedersen, Oluf and Rotter, Jerome I. and Uitterlinden, André G. and Seppälä, Ilkka and Tiemeier, Henning and Salomaa, Veikko and Gharib, Sina A. and Borecki, Ingrid B. and Arnett, Donna K. and Sørensen, Thorklid I. A. and Eriksson, Johan G. and Bandinelli, Stefania and Linneberg, Allan and Rich, Stephen S. and Franco, Oscar H. and Dedoussis, George and Lehtimäki, Terho}, doi = {10.2337/dc14-2709}, journal = {Diabetes Care}, month = {jun}, pages = {1456-1466}, title = {Gene-Environment Interactions of Circadian-Related Genes for Cardiometabolic Traits}, url = {http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/38/8/1456.full.pdf}, volume = {38}, year = {2015} }