Satellite-borne synthetic aperture radar has proven to be a valuable tool for sea icemonitoring for more than two decades. In this study, we examine the performance of an automated sea ice classification algorithm based on polarimetric TerraSAR-X images. In the first step of our approach, we extract 12 polarimetric features from HH–VV dualpol StripMap images. In a second step, we train an artificial neural network, and then, feed the feature vectors into the trained neural network to classify each pixel into an ice type. The first part of our analysis addresses the predictive value of different subsets of features for our classification process (by means of measuring mutual information). Some polarimetric features such as polarimetric span and geometric intensity are proven to bemore useful than eigenvalue decomposition based features. The classification is based on and validated by in situ data acquired during the N-ICE2015 field campaign. The results on a TerraSAR-X dataset indicate a high reliability of a neural network classifier based on polarimetric features. Performance speed and accuracy promise applicability for near real-time operational use.