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National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 34(111), 2014

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1407229111

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The Holocene temperature conundrum

Journal article published in 2014 by Z. Liu, J. Zhu, Y. Rosenthal, X. Zhang, B. L. Otto-Bliesner, A. Timmermann ORCID, R. S. Smith ORCID, G. Lohmann ORCID, W. Zheng, O. Elison Timm
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.
This paper is made freely available by the publisher.

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Abstract

A recent temperature reconstruction of global annual tempera-ture shows Early Holocene warmth followed by a cooling trend through the Middle to Late Holocene [Marcott SA, et al., 2013, Science 339(6124):1198–1201]. This global cooling is puzzling be-cause it is opposite from the expected and simulated global warm-ing trend due to the retreating ice sheets and rising atmospheric greenhouse gases. Our critical reexamination of this contradiction between the reconstructed cooling and the simulated warming points to potentially significant biases in both the seasonality of the proxy reconstruction and the climate sensitivity of current climate models. global temperature | Holocene temperature | model-data inconsistency