AbstractBackground:This study aimed to evaluate a single institute's experience with resection of metachronous pulmonary malignancy in patients treated for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.Methods:Sixty-three consecutive patients treated curatively for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma underwent surgical resection of malignant lung lesions. Survival was estimated and potential prognostic factors investigated.Results:The median overall survival for the total group was 22.2 months. Fifty-one patients (81 per cent) had one lung lesion, while the remainder had multiple lesions (range, two to seven). In the 63 patients, 35 lobectomies, 4 pneumonectomies and 24 wedge resections were performed. For patients with pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma (n = 52), the three-year survival rate was 35 per cent (95 per cent confidence interval, 22–48); for patients with resected adenocarcinoma (n = 10), it was 50 per cent (95 per cent confidence interval, 18–75). The overall five-year survival rate was 30 per cent (95 per cent confidence interval, 19–42).Conclusion:In patients treated curatively for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, resection of secondary pulmonary cancer is associated with favourable long term overall survival, especially for patients with adenocarcinoma lesions.