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AbstractAnion activated adiabatic polymerization of ε-caprolactam was investigated in the presence of various quantities of nano-SiO2. The parallel processes of crystallization and polymerization are separated first. Based on the crystallization kinetics and electron microscopic investigations it was shown that nano-SiO2 particles are heterogeneous nuclei for the crystallization of poly-ε-caprolactam. Further the time dependence of mean length of amorphous polymer macromolecules is determined experimentally.