Elsevier, Journal of Geochemical Exploration, (140), p. 46-55, 2014
DOI: 10.1016/j.gexplo.2014.02.001
Full text: Download
Tide-induced transport, diffuse fluxes and river inputs of arsenic, cobalt, chromium, manganese and nickel were studied in an estuarine zone located at the Ria of Ortigueira in the Galician coast of NW Spain to evaluate comparatively the magnitude of trace-elements inputs in the estuarine ecosystem. Short-sediment cores and flooding water were collected at the intertidal area of La-Caleira Inlet in spring and summer 2008 during the first 50 min of tidal inundation. High concentrations of dissolved chromium (up to 23 nM) and nickel (256 nM) were found in waters of the Lourido River during 2008. Chromium (up to 795 mg · kg- 1) and nickel (up to 533 mg · kg- 1) in surface sediments of the study area were also high, pointing to natural geological sources (Cape Ortegal Complex). Fluxes associated to molecular diffusion and tide-induced transport across the sediment-water interface were quantified and compared to the river contribution. Mean fluxes from the Lourido River were 0.03 μmol · m- 2 · d- 1 for As, 0.02 μmol · m- 2 · d- 1 for Co, 0.43 μmol · m- 2 · d- 1 for Cr, 0.72 μmol · m- 2 · d- 1 for Mn and 5.98 μmol · m- 2 · d- 1 for Ni. Diffusive fluxes were negative which indicates the flow of trace elements towards the sediment − 0.47 ± 0.12 μmol · m- 2 · d- 1 for As; -0.007 ± 0.001 μmol · m- 2 · d- 1 for Co; -0.003 ± 0.009 μmol · m- 2 · d- 1 for Cr; -5.44 ± 1.65 μmol · m- 2 · d- 1 for Mn; and − 0.02 ± 0.05 μmol · m- 2 · d- 1 for Ni. Tide-induced transport of trace metals was up to four orders of magnitude greater than diffusive fluxes. The contributions of trace elements to the estuarine zone from fluvial and benthic origin were quantified, emphasizing the importance of tide-induced transport in estuarine systems.