Published in

Wiley, Monthly Notice- Royal Astronomical Society -Letters-, 1(525), p. L98-L104, 2023

DOI: 10.1093/mnrasl/slad097

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An M dwarf accompanied by a close-in giant orbiter with SPECULOOS

Distributing this paper is prohibited by the publisher
Distributing this paper is prohibited by the publisher

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Data provided by SHERPA/RoMEO

Abstract

ABSTRACT In the last decade, a dozen close-in giant planets have been discovered orbiting stars with spectral types ranging from M0 to M4, a mystery since known formation pathways do not predict the existence of such systems. Here, we confirm TOI-4860 b, a Jupiter-sized planet orbiting an M4.5 host, a star at the transition between fully and partially convective interiors. First identified with TESS data, we validate the transiting companion’s planetary nature through multicolour photometry from the TRAPPIST-South/North, SPECULOOS, and MuSCAT3 facilities. Our analysis yields a radius of $0.76± 0.02~\rm R_{Jup}$ for the planet, a mass of $0.34~\rm M_⊙$ for the star, and an orbital period of $1.52~\rm d$. Using the newly commissioned SPIRIT InGaAs camera at the SPECULOOS-South Observatory, we collect infrared photometry in zYJ that spans the time of secondary eclipse. These observations do not detect a secondary eclipse, placing an upper limit on the brightness of the companion. The planetary nature of the companion is further confirmed through high-resolution spectroscopy obtained with the IRD spectrograph at Subaru Telescope, from which we measure a mass of $0.67± 0.14~\rm M_{Jup}$. Based on its overall density, TOI-4860 b appears to be rich in heavy elements, like its host star.