National Academy of Sciences, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 46(117), p. 28754-28762, 2020
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Significance Many biological processes are based on mechanosensitive channels which are stimulated by mechanical forces. In cell-walled organisms, the large family of MscS-like channels is extremely diverse and often several different versions of these channels are present in the same organism. However, we hardly understand the reason for this diversity because only the simplest known member of this family, MscS, has been studied in some depth. Here, we present the molecular structures of two more complex members of this family, YnaI and YbiO. While the basic architecture of the core is conserved, functional properties and the way they open vary. We ultimately will learn how evolution provides by structural variation a wider range of cellular functions.